History of Machu Picchu

The Discovery of Machu Picchu

A Tale of Exploration and Rediscovery

Just as fascinating as Machu Picchu itself is the tale of its discovery. Agustín Lizárraga, a Cusco farmer, discovered the old city's archaeological remnants in 1902. Hiram Bingham, an American historian, did not, however, introduce Machu Picchu to the public until July 24, 1911. 

Bingham was searching for the lost Inca city of Vilcabamba under the direction of Peruvian National Guard Sergeant Carrasco and local landowner Melchor Arteaga. Rather, he discovered a wonder that would captivate the interest of millions of people throughout the globe.

Machu Picchu’s preservation and subsequent global recognition have been instrumental in highlighting the brilliance of Inca engineering and culture.

Tahuantinsuyo The Four Regions of the Inca Empire

The Backbone of the Inca Civilization

Tahuantinsuyo, meaning "The Four Regions" in Quechua, was the foundation of the Inca Empire’s governance. These regions—Chinchaysuyo in the northwest, Antisuyo in the northeast, Contisuyo in the southwest, and Collasuyo in the southeast—were connected by an extensive road system. 

This organization allowed the Incas to manage a vast and diverse territory efficiently, integrating cultures and fostering trade. Tahuantinsuyo stands as a testament to the Inca’s advanced administrative skills.

Inca Culture and Society

The Heart of an Advanced Civilization

The Incas were masterful builders, skilled in agriculture, and deeply spiritual. Their society was governed by 13 rulers, each contributing to the empire’s legacy. Social classes were distinct yet interdependent, with Quechua as the unifying language. The Sun God, Inti, was central to their religious practices, symbolizing life and prosperity.

Gold, a sacred material, was used to embellish temples and royal garments. Unlike other cultures, the Incas valued gold for its beauty and symbolism, not as currency. This unique perspective reflects their profound connection to nature and the divine.

The Legend of the Ayar Brothers

A Mythical Journey to Found the Inca Capital

Long before the rise of the mighty Inca Empire, the Andean highlands were home to powerful and mystical figures known as the Ayar Brothers. This ancient legend is rooted in the origins of the Inca civilization and narrates the mythical journey of these siblings, each possessing extraordinary powers and a distinct destiny.

The legend begins in the heart of the Andes, where the Ayar brothers: Ayar Manco, Ayar Cachi, Ayar Uchu, Ayar Auca, and Ayar Qolla, emerged from the sacred caves of Pacaritambo, located on the slopes of Mount Tamputoco. Their father, the Sun God Inti, had sent them to the world to search for a place where they would establish the future heart of the Inca Empire.

The journey of the Ayar brothers was no simple task. The brothers, accompanied by their sister Mama Ocllo, were given divine powers to conquer challenges and establish a great kingdom. Each brother had a unique gift that helped them in their quest:

• Ayar Manco was the leader, strong and wise, capable of communicating with the gods.
• Ayar Cachi was powerful and violent, with the ability to defeat any enemy.
• Ayar Uchu had the ability to command nature, especially the plants and herbs that could heal and nurture.
• Ayar Auca was the one who could understand the animals of the land and was a protector of the natural world.
• Ayar Qolla was a skilled strategist, with the power to control the elements and bring rain.

They set out across the world together in search of the location where they would establish their vast empire. They encountered several formidable obstacles on their journey, such as dangerous mountains, formidable animals, and challenging terrain. However, the will of Inti, who illuminated their route, led them on their trek.

As the Ayar brothers reached the fertile valley of Cusco, Ayar Cachi, consumed by pride and rage, tried to conquer the land by force. The gods punished him by turning him into stone, leaving his immense strength forever embedded in the landscape.

The other brothers faced similar divine challenges, with Ayar Auca and Ayar Uchu also transforming into stone. Ayar Manco, the wisest of the siblings, continued the journey with his mother, Mama Ocllo. Together, they founded Cusco, the future capital of the Inca Empire. Ayar Manco became Manco Capac, the first Inca emperor, and alongside Mama Ocllo, he taught agriculture, culture, and the worship of the Sun God Inti, laying the foundation for the flourishing Inca civilization.

Thus, while Machu Picchu may not be directly linked to the specific events of the Ayar Brothers' myth, the larger story of Inca origins and their spiritual connection to sacred geography and the divine is what connects Machu Picchu to the legacy of the Ayar Brothers.

This tale symbolizes resilience, unity, and the divine right to rule, embodying the essence of Inca culture.

Exploring Machu Picchu Today

Practical Tips for Your Visit

Visiting Machu Picchu is an experience like no other. Here are some tips to make the most of your journey:

• Getting There: From Cusco or Lima, take a scenic train ride to Machu Picchu Pueblo. PeruRail and IncaRail offer comfortable options.
• Ticket Booking: Secure your entrance tickets in advance, especially during peak seasons.
• Best Time to Visit: The dry season (May to September) offers clear skies and stunning views.
• What to Expect: Marvel at the Sun Gate, Intihuatana stone, and the Temple of the Condor.

Prepare to be captivated by the ingenuity and harmony of this ancient city.

Take a look at our Machu Picchu Tours

Machu Picchu is more than a destination it’s a bridge to the past, a symbol of human ingenuity, and a source of endless inspiration. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, a nature lover, or an adventurer, this iconic site promises a transformative experience.

Allow Andean Travel Agency to lead you through the wonders of Machu Picchu by exploring our carefully chosen trips. We're going to make lifelong memories together.